Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (J Position Navig Timing; JPNT)
Citation: Bak, S., Kim, B., Kim, S.-K., Bu, S. C., & Lee, C. S., 2023, Ionospheric Model Performance of GPS, QZSS, and BeiDou on the Korean Peninsula, Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing, 12, 113-119.
Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (J Position Navig Timing) 2023 June, Volume 12, Issue 2, pages 113-119. https://doi.org/10.11003/JPNT.2023.12.2.113
Received on 10 Mar 2023, Revised on 27 Mar 2023, Accepted on 31 Mar 2023, Published on 30 June 2023.
License: Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Serim Bak†, Beomsoo Kim, Su-Kyung Kim, Sung Chun Bu, Chul Soo Lee
Satellite System Laboratory, LIG Nex1, Gyeonggi-do 16911, Korea
†Corresponding Author: E-mail, serim.bak@lignex1.com; Tel: +82-31-5179-7293
Satellite navigation systems, with the exception of the GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS), adopt ionosphere models and provide ionospheric coefficients to single-frequency users via navigation messages to correct ionospheric delay, the main source of positioning errors. A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) mostly has its own ionospheric models: the Klobuchar model for Global Positioning System (GPS), the NeQuick-G model for Galileo, and the BeiDou Global Ionospheric delay correction Model (BDGIM) for BeiDou satellite navigation System (BDS)-3. On the other hand, a Regional Navigation Satellite System (RNSS) such as the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) and BDS-2 uses the Klobuchar Model rather than developing a new model. QZSS provides its own coefficients that are customized for its service area while BDS2 slightly modifies the Klobuchar model to improve accuracy in the Asia-Pacific region. In addition, BDS broadcasts multiple ionospheric parameters depending on the satellites, unlike other systems. In this paper, we analyzed the different ionospheric models of GPS, QZSS, and BDS in Korea. The ionospheric models of QZSS and BDS-2, which are based in Asia, reduced error by at least 25.6% compared to GPS. However, QZSS was less accurate than GPS during geomagnetic storms or at low latitude. The accuracy of the models according to the BDS satellite orbit was also analyzed. The BDS-2 ionospheric model showed an error reduction of more than 5.9% when using GEO coefficients, while in BDS-3, the difference between satellites was within 0.01 m.
GNSS, ionospheric delay, ionospheric coefficients, Klobuchar model, BDGIM
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Conceptualization, S. Bak and S.C. Bu; methodology, S. Bak; software, S. Bak and B. Kim; validation, S. Bak and S.-K. Kim; formal analysis, S. Bak; investigation, S. Bak; resources, S. Bak and S.C. Bu; data curation, S. Bak and B. Kim; writing—original draft preparation, S. Bak; writing—review and editing, S.-K. Kim, S.C. Bu and C.S. Lee; visualization, S. Bak; Supervision, C.S. Lee.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.